![]() Severus also drew on the advice of the renowned jurist Ulpian in making extensive reforms of the laws. After the fall (205) of the emperor’s favourite, the praetorian prefect Gaius Fulvius Plautianus, the distinguished jurist Papinian became prefect. The Italian courts outside Rome were removed from senatorial jurisdiction and put under the control of the praetorian prefect. ![]() Severus paid special attention to the administration of justice. Many provincials and peasants received advancement, and the Italian aristocracy lost much of its former influence. At the same time Severus ignored the Senate, which declined rapidly in power, and he recruited his officials from the equestrian rather than the senatorial order. To prevent the rise of a powerful military rival, he reduced the number of legions under each general’s control. He won the soldiers’ support by increasing their pay and permitting them to marry. Since his power rested on military might rather than constitutional sanction, he gave the army a dominant role in his state. Late in 197 Severus marched east to turn back an invasion of Mesopotamia (now in Iraq) by the Parthians, and two years later Mesopotamia was annexed to the empire.īy 202 Severus was back in Rome, where he spent the next six years making major changes in the structure of the imperial government. He also named Caracalla, his son by his Syrian wife, Julia Domna, as coemperor and thus successor. To justify his usurpation, he declared himself the adoptive son of the emperor Marcus Aurelius (ruled 161–180) and claimed descent from the emperor Nerva (ruled 96–98). Returning to Rome, Severus executed about 30 of Albinus’s senatorial supporters. Albinus committed suicide following his crushing defeat near Lugdunum (now Lyon, France) in February 197. ![]() Severus then headed westward to confront Albinus, who had declared himself emperor. In 194 he marched east and decisively defeated another rival, Gaius Pescennius Niger, governor of Syria. He temporarily pacified his rival in Britain, Decimus Clodius Albinus, by naming him caesar (junior emperor). Severus replaced the Praetorian Guard with a new 15,000-man guard from his own Danubian legions. Find out who really invented movable type, who Winston Churchill called "Mum," and when the first sonic boom was heard. Get hooked on history as this quiz sorts out the past. Julianus was murdered at Rome on June 1, and Severus entered the city without resistance several days later. Declaring himself the avenger of Pertinax, he marched on Rome. Then on April 13 Severus was proclaimed emperor by his troops. He remained inactive while the Praetorian Guards murdered Commodus’s successor, Publius Helvius Pertinax (March 193) and auctioned off the imperial title to Marcus Didius Julianus. 31, 192, he was governor of Upper Pannonia (now in Austria and Hungary) and commander of the largest army on the Danube River. At the time of the murder of the insane emperor Commodus on Dec. ![]() The son of an equestrian from the Roman colony of Leptis Magna, Severus entered the Senate about 173 and became consul in 190. His reign marks a critical stage in the development of the absolute despotism that characterized the later Roman Empire. He founded a personal dynasty and converted the government into a military monarchy. 4, 211, Eboracum, Britain ), Roman emperor from 193 to 211. Septimius Severus, in full Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax, (born April 11, 145/146, Leptis Magna, Tripolitania -died Feb. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.From tech to household and wellness products. Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.
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